Session Chair: Natalie Freeman, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, United States; Technical Support: Deniz Vural, Turkish Students' Polar Research Team-Istanbul Technical University Polar Research Center, Turkey. The recording of the session is available below.
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15:40 - 15:45 GMT: Introduction
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15:45 - 16:00 GMT: Architecture of survival: the habitation of Antarctica through a biophilic lens
Katelyn Hudson
Bond UniversityTpye: Oral Presentation
Abstract: Humans developed the built environment through a series of behavioural patterns that were necessary to provide shelter and protection from their surroundings. Today we have continued to innately utilize those elements, which have become known as ‘biophilic design’, the principles of which bring us closer to nature to develop healthier spaces to live and work in. This research investigates how those elements have been integrated in one of the few climates that requires humans to still rely on buildings purely for the basic purpose of survival, Antarctica.
The thought of living in such a remote, harsh environment might be far-fetched for the majority of the earth’s population. Yet, aspects of the Antarctic climate are becoming more commonplace in what has been considered relatively normal climatic patterns. Disruptions by ‘once in a life time’ weather events are occurring with greater frequency. Typhoons, hurricanes, blizzards, earthquakes, etc. have resulted in the failure of traditional building approaches. Studying buildings designed to adapt to extreme environment can provide understanding into how current practices can be adapted in a conscientious manner.
The attributes of biophilic design are considered instinctive, in the planning or design process it is presumed that they will be incorporated within the buildings studied regardless of a conscientious intent. The extreme climate of Antarctica presents a unique opportunity to see the source of ‘natural’ features. Do they reference the surrounding site, the original environment of the inhabitants, or is it not feasible for it to occur, in which case, is that resolved?
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16:00 - 16:15 GMT: Recent oceanographic and biogeochemical studies in a subantarctic key environment: the Beagle Channel
J Martín , A Malits, X Flores Melo, G Kreps
Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, CADIC-CONICET (Argentinian National Research Council)Type: Oral Presentation
Abstract: The Beagle Channel is a sub-antarctic, inter-oceanic passage connecting the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans in the southern tip of South America, where intense mixing processes between marine and continental waters and an increasing anthropic pressure converge. Since July 2014, the Austral Center for Scientific Research (CADIC-CONICET) in collaboration with other institutions has carried out regular campaigns in order to characterize the seasonal and spatial variability of thermohaline structures in the Argentine Beagle Channel, circulation, as well as the response of environmental variables (turbidity, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a) to the prevailing physical patterns. The most salient aspects of the spatial and temporal variability observed in the physical-chemical and biogeochemical parameters studied during the 2014-2017 period are offered in this presentation.
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16:15 - 16:30 GMT: Understanding Ocean Forcing of Polar Glacier Change Using Remotely Sensed Iceberg Melt Data
Mariama C. Dryak, Ellyn M. Enderlin
Climate Change Institute, Earth and Climate Sciences; University of MaineType: Oral Presentation
Abstract: Over the last several decades, warming atmosphere and ocean temperatures have led to the retreat and acceleration of glaciers throughout the Antarctic and Arctic. Along the Antarctic Peninsula, glacier acceleration has been preceded by the collapse of the floating ice shelves that buttress ice flow from the glaciers to the oceans. At the opposite pole, around Svalbard, a similar story has unfolded with prevalent glacier terminus retreat and acceleration. In both regions increased surface and submarine melting are likely responsible for the observed patterns of glacier retreat, acceleration and associated increases in iceberg discharge. This project attempts to resolve spatial and temporal variations in ocean forcing from several remotely-sensed estimates of iceberg melting around Svalbard and the Antarctic Peninsula from 2011 to 2020. This analysis will be used to better understand patterns in iceberg submarine melting in relation to source glacier and nearby ocean change, and to infer changes in ocean forcing at glacial margins.
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16:30 - 16:45 GMT: Maximizing Impact: The Case for Metadata
Kathryn Meyer, Vanessa Raymond, Amber Budden, Matthew Jones
Arctic Data Center, University of California Santa BarbaraType: Oral Presentation
Abstract: Changes in the Arctic have consequences across the globe. Arctic research can contribute to larger scale analyses of rural resiliency, aquatic species migration, socio-ecological impacts of landscape change, global carbon budget, and others. But while it has been said that “what happens in the Arctic doesn’t stay in the Arctic,” does that thinking apply to Arctic research data?
The data collected and analyzed by Arctic researchers has a value that extends beyond the specific research question for which it was created. If these data are made readily available to other researchers, they can take on a new life. For data re-use to be possible, research data need to be FAIR: findable, accessible, interoperable, and re-usable.
Taking the time to create quality metadata can be the difference between data that is reused and cited, and data that (figuratively) gathers dust on a shelf. At the Arctic Data Center, we provide simple ways for researchers to make data more accessible and reusable, document reproducible analyses (data provenance), and track how much their data is being used. By embracing open data and open science principles such as careful data management planning and adopting best practices for creating metadata, Arctic research can expand its impact.
About: The Arctic Data Center is a data archive and portal for data discovery which provides users with tools for data and metadata submission. In addition to data storage, the Arctic Data Center also provides support services to the Arctic research community by providing trainings in data science and management.
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16:45 - 17:00 GMT: Mapping of risks in the work of Antarctic expeditionaries for the prevention of accidents and diseases
Paola Barros Delben, Daniela Ornellas Ariño, Mariana Lopez Teixeira, Roberto Moraes Cruz
Federal University of Santa CatarinaTpye: Oral Presentation
Abstract: This research mapped risks involved in the work of expeditionaries in Antarctica and preventive measures to accidents and illnesses with the aims to identifying the psychology field contributions to the establishment of the safe behavior in the context which requires autonomous management of safety. The descriptive-exploratory and qualitative study carried out documental analysis, interviews (n = 45) and in loco observations. The main identified risks were categorized into three dimensions: (1) social factors: restricted relationships in an isolated, confined and extreme (ICE) environment, which potentialize the conflicts emergency; (2) contextual factors: frozen, or wet, or snowy floor, which increases the likelihood of twisting, fracture, and trauma; extreme cold, and rebounding on lesions, hypothermia, and mood valence changes; Low humidity, causing dehydration and dryness; prolonged photoperiod, resulting in burns and seasonal psychophysiological variations; (3) occupational risks: weight bearing and long procedures, which increase musculoskeletal injuries, fatigue, and circadian cycle disorders; participation in high-risk activities, increasing the sharps incidents chances and the negative effects of 24 hours readiness. Were identified as preventive attitudes: the low predispositions to conflicts and take risks, and controlled actions to exposition to the risks, defined especially by: self-care, compliance with safety standards, unsafe conditions reporting and management of risks and crisis. Investments in safe workplace behavior require continued risk mapping, a mutual responsibility between workers and the organization, reducing not only the accidents and illnesses probability, as the costs with the human factor and properties losses.
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17:00 - 17:10 GMT: Architecture of survival: the habitation of Antarctica through a biophilic lens
Katelyn Hudson
Bond UniversityTpye: Innovative Communication
Abstract: Humans developed the built environment through a series of behavioural patterns that were necessary to provide shelter and protection from their surroundings. Today we have continued to innately utilize those elements, which have become known as ‘biophilic design’, the principles of which bring us closer to nature to develop healthier spaces to live and work in. This research investigates how those elements have been integrated in one of the few climates that requires humans to still rely on buildings purely for the basic purpose of survival, Antarctica.
The thought of living in such a remote, harsh environment might be far-fetched for the majority of the earth’s population. Yet, aspects of the Antarctic climate are becoming more commonplace in what has been considered relatively normal climatic patterns. Disruptions by ‘once in a life time’ weather events are occurring with greater frequency. Typhoons, hurricanes, blizzards, earthquakes, etc. have resulted in the failure of traditional building approaches. Studying buildings designed to adapt to extreme environment can provide understanding into how current practices can be adapted in a conscientious manner.
The attributes of biophilic design are considered instinctive, in the planning or design process it is presumed that they will be incorporated within the buildings studied regardless of a conscientious intent. The extreme climate of Antarctica presents a unique opportunity to see the source of ‘natural’ features. Do they reference the surrounding site, the original environment of the inhabitants, or is it not feasible for it to occur, in which case, is that resolved?
APECS Online Conference 2018 - Session 3 from APECS Webinars on Vimeo.